Steven and James return to talk about Takeshi Obata’s vision of ‘All You Need is Kill’, and in turn compare the changes to the original light novel as well as the Tom Cruise and Emily Blunt movie adaptation, ‘The Edge of Tomorrow’ a.k.a. ‘Live, Die, Repeat’. Both measuring the pros and cons of the differing plot points. Skip synopsis @ 5:00 Email:   087: All You Need is Kill vol .2 Original Story by Hiroshi Sakurazaka Art by Takeshi Obata With Storyboards by Ryosuke Takeuchi And additional illustrations by Yoshitoshi Abe Translation by Tetsuichiro Miyaki Lettering and touch up art by Evan Walldinger   Rita Vratsky joins the war against the alien invaders, the mimics, so to avenge the deaths of her parents. In one battle she is helped out by first lieutenant Arthur Hendricks, she kills a mimic that has an antenna. By killing it she is thrown into a loop that resets time before the battle starts. Through a conversation with Shasta, Rita discovers her data is separate from the main sever and is specifically backed up for the war effort. It’s here Rita develops the epiphany that the antenna mimic she kills is not enough to prevent the time loop, she must factor in the whole network and kill them in a specific sequence. A mimic with an antenna is able to send signals to the mimics in the past, this one strategy is why the mimics are so incredibly threatening. Yet it is through some glitch of sorts that a human mind can be caught in the radius of their signals. On her 211 try she succeeds in winning the battle and breaks through the loop. Hendricks however did not survive the battle.   Rita takes this news to heart, not only because she can’t loop back now, but since in every loop she experienced Hendricks was never killed. Rita determines his sacrifice as a sombre inevitability of war. On arriving at the Boso peninsula Rita makes the effort to prepare seemingly arbitrary questions, a tactic so to deduce if someone is going through a loop as she did. If someone answered her question before she asked it, then that’s how she would know they were looping through time. She finds him, Kiriya Keiji, who pre-emptively answers two of her questions, one being the number of times he has looped. The conversation is enough to move Rita to tears and the two spend the entire day together. Now the stage is set for the final battle, both Rita and Keiji understand the rules of the time loop. As with a network they must prevent the mimic recording the battle, and destroy the back-ups before they kill the main server. Making the mimics unable to telegraph to the past. And the mimics themselves are getting desperate seeing Rita and Keiji as anomalies in their battle. Yet there is one final twist in the tale, defeating the mimics is easy now that Keiji is with Rita, but what about that unaccounted for feedback loop?   Trivia:   The nicknames and titles that Rita has in all forms of English translated media are as follows: The Full Metal Bitch, The Valkyrie, The Angel of Verdun, Mad Margherita   About Tachyon Signals: Tachyon signals are a big part of the story. But what is a Tachyon signal? First one must understand that time and space travel are scientifically synonymous. If you draw a graph, you can divide space and time along an X and Y line but the two can’t exist without the other. You need space to measure time. The Speed of light is a Z line that runs on a 45 degree angle through time and space. When you look at the stars in the night sky you are already seeing into the past of that star’s life. By the time the light travels to earth and you see it twinkle that star may already be dying or be dead. Stars are massive balls of energy but when we see them, we may as well call them ghosts or after-images. Consider that the observable universe is expanding it indeed takes a very, very long time for light to travel to us. And anything that has mass, can’t travel faster than light, which essentially means nothing is faster than light. Now when scientists talk about the theory of time travel, they are not talking hypothetically but more of suppositions. Now suppose there are particles that can travel faster than the speed of light. If you could travel faster than light then you could travel to the ends of the universe, land on some distant planet that may be a match for earth, get your telescope out and look in the same direction of earth and what you would see is the dinosaurs living and breathing. You need space to “time travel”, the more space means more you can see through time. Specifically seeing the past. Keiji and Rita do not actually travel through time, they get visions from a tachyon signal to their brains, which are traveling from space. Now I explained how you can see visions of the past, but how do these people see visions of the future? This is where we get timey whimey loopy doopy, and leads to the paradox. One is Rita and Keiji did die, and what we are seeing is ghosts. They are ghosts, they are already dead and they just don’t know it. They either exist on another dimension, the universe is broken and so we got the glitch that is this story. That’s what happens when aliens use cheat codes lie time travel signals. You break the universe, but if you believe in the holographic universe theory then you know it’s not a stretch. If such a thing was to happen it would create the concept of anti-time, as with something like anti-matter. The Christopher Nolan movie ‘Tenet’ illustrates this well by having the universe contain a reverse entropy, with the values of time running through the negatives. Realistically Keiji and Rita would never know where the signal is coming from, and that’s scary. Because the mimics are on earth, they themselves are too close to the action to send a clear signal. It would be some other being that is sending the signal, which supports the theory that somewhere, out there in space, they are being watched by mysterious aliens who the mimics themselves are agents of. What they succeed in doing is cutting off their antennas so that they never receive the signal (experience the loop again). But Rita figures out she’s emitting tachyon signals, which is the most implausible part of the story. Not only because she’s human but because there would only be a short distance to emit the signal. After all it’s only one day before the battle, that’s a full rotation of the earth. Regardless it’s enough space for the signal to travel and we never find out how many tachyon signals are being sent, it’s not impossible if an unseen force is using signals faster than the ones Rita and Keiji receive. One thing to keep in mind, as of the upload date there is no proof of tachyons or such particles to have existed or ever exist.   Differences between the 2004 Light Novel and the manga: For the most part the manga is an incredibly accurate adaptation of the novel, but the differences are listed here… Mimics appear as short and stout creatures that resemble barrels or the “bloated carcass of a dead frog” on a detailed biological level they are most like star fish. They shoot javelins from vents on their bodies. In the manga they appear as spherical shaped levitating beings with gaping mouths. This is most likely because Takeshi Obata would have found it easier to draw the creatures with such a design, especially from multiple angles. A scene omitted in the manga has Shasta show off the Gachapon toys she bought. Shasta is an avid collector of Gachapon and is keen to show Rita that a toy was made of her, The Rita toy does not actually resemble her but the actor who is playing her in a movie. A glamourous curly hair blonde, at least her suit is painted red. Rachel Kisaragi the cook dies where as in the manga there is no such scene. One wouldn’t be able to tell from reading the manga but Shasta is a mix of native American lineage. (James does not know the details of her ancestry, and it is not an important subject in the story) In the manga most of Keiji’s squad survives, Jin Yonabaru flees the base at one point and Ferrell survives too even if he does get killed once during one of Keiji’s loops.   Differences between the 2014 American movie and the manga:   Mimics appear as dark tentacled monsters with glowing faces. Very much reminiscent to the hunter killer machines in the 1999 movie, ‘The Matrix’. During P.T. Keiji and his squad are doing isometric push-ups, the exercise more or less describes that of “planking”, where you hold your position for a specific time. In the movie they do push-ups. The Japanese Kiriya Keji is named William Cage and played by Tom Cruise. Cage is an older and more cowardly American character, played like an anti-hero for comedic effect but goes towards a more redemptive arc. Jin Yonabaru makes no appearance, instead we get the J-Squad characters who fulfil that role. Rita is played by the British Emily Blunt. She’s a much more stoic character than in the manga. She is never seen crying and never shown seeking any looper, of all the questions she could ask Cage, it’s merely the “Have I got something on my face” line, at one point she even takes Cage’s battery without asking him a single question. Rita is also very quick to kill Cage (in order to reset the time loop) if she deems his efforts a failure. Rita has blonde hair in the movie, in the manga and like the novel Rita has red hair. Rita has the distinct characteristic of carrying a sword to battle (similar to the buster sword of Cloud Strife in the Final Fantasy 7 games). In the manga she carries an axe, Keiji himself acquires a similar axe weapon. The explanation given is that they don’t need ammo to fight. No explanation is given in the movie. Rita and Cage join forces before Cage has properly trained. Instead of being trained by Ferrell it is Rita who trains Cage. The character Arthur Hendricks is mentioned by name, but makes no appearance in the movie. Unlike the manga, Rita experiences Hendrik’s death 300 times through all of her looping, both the manga and the movie are similar in that his death affects Rita. Rachel Kisaragi makes no appearance. Unlike the Manga, Cage has what appears to be visions of the future and is clued in on how to defeat the Mimics. Later in the movie this turns out to be a red herring. The mimics are sending Cage mixed and jumbled up messages so to throw him off the battle. The manga keeps it vague as to how the time loop is triggered, simply killing a mimic with an antenna is enough to experience a loop. The movie has it caused by blood contamination with a mimic. Rita and Cage exit the time loop through receiving a medical blood transfusion. This vastly changes the climax of the story, creating higher stakes but also gives the ending more of an upbeat note. The effects of the tachyon particles are not permanent. The word “Tachyon” is never mentioned in the movie. In one particularly tense scene, a mimic can tell the difference between someone who is looping and not looping through observing their blood. In the manga they rely on just experience to deduce Keiji and Rita’s looping and have no strategy on how to prevent Rita and keiji’s loops. The romantic aspects of the story are underplayed to say the least, but unlike the manga, Rita does passionately kiss Cage during the climax of the movie. Cage never earns the nickname Killer Cage, nor does he paint his suit sky blue. The movie ends with the mimics resetting the time loop further back and retreating from their invasion of earth. The record of the movie’s events is shared only between Cage and the mimics. Cage is able to meet Rita after her loops, but relatively for Rita it is their first meeting. Other references: “Kiri Oboeru” – “strike your enemy down and learn” Hagakure, samurai Shogi – Is the Japanese variant of chess, “Jitterbugging” - The Executioner’s style book - Coffee –  

We Appreciate Manga